Kusintha kwa Micromobility: Kuthekera kwa Ngolo za Gofu Paulendo Wakumatauni ku Europe ndi United States

Msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wa micromobility ukusintha kwambiri, ndipo ngolo za gofu zikutuluka ngati njira yabwino yopangira maulendo apamtunda akutali. Nkhaniyi ikuwunika kuthekera kwa ngolo za gofu ngati chida choyendera m'matauni pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, kutenga mwayi pakukula kwachangu kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi (kugulitsa pamisika yapadziko lonse lapansi kwafika pafupifupi mayunitsi 215,000 pofika chaka cha 2024, okwera kwambiri kuposa pafupifupi mayunitsi 45,000 mu 2020) komanso momwe anthu akukalamba (chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi chazaka zopitilira 65, makamaka zaka 2020 ku Europe) North America ndi madera ena aku Asia).

1. Kusanthula Kufuna Msika
A. "Last Mile" Kulumikizana m'madera akumadzulo

- Madera opuma pantchito: Mwachitsanzo, *The Villages* ku Florida, USA, agwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ngolo ngati njira yayikulu yoyendera. Magalimoto okwera gofu ndiye njira yomwe amakonda kwambiri anthu okhala m'maderawa chifukwa cha liwiro lawo lotsika, chitetezo komanso kukwera mtengo kwake.

- Zoyendera ndi zoyendera m'masukulu: Malo ambiri ochitirako tchuthi (monga Sun City ku Arizona) ndi mayunivesite (monga University of California, San Diego) agwiritsa ntchito ngolo za gofu mayendedwe amkati ndi mayendedwe. Izi zikuwonetsa kuchulukirachulukira kwa magalimoto apang'ono, opanda ziro, ndipo ngakhale kukhala chizolowezi.

B. Mwayi woyendetsedwa ndi ndondomeko
- Kupumula koyenera: Ku Texas ndi Florida, boma lakulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto otsika kwambiri (LSVs) monga ngolo za gofu, kuwalola kuyenda m'misewu yokhala ndi liwiro la 35 mph, ndikupanga malo abwino oti magalimotowa afalikire.
- Zolimbikitsa zamagalimoto amagetsi: Malamulo a EU Green Deal ndi malamulo aku California otulutsa ziro-emission amagwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha ngolofu, kufulumizitsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ngolofu pamaulendo akumatauni.

2. Chitetezo ndi Kutsata Kukweza
- Chitetezo chowonjezera: Kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa zamagalimoto akumatauni, ngolo zambiri za gofu zimakhala ndi mapangidwe otetezedwa ophatikizika monga kuyatsa kwa LED, malamba amipando ndi mafelemu olimba, omwe amakwaniritsa muyezo wa FMVSS 500 ndipo amatha kuteteza chitetezo cha oyendetsa ndi okwera.
- Zatsopano za Battery: Kukula kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wa batri ya lithiamu kwasintha kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ngolo za gofu, zomwe zimatha kuyendetsa ma 50-70 mailosi pa mtengo uliwonse, ndikuthandizira batire yokulirapo yomwe mungasankhe, kuchepetsa nkhawa za ogwiritsa ntchito.

3. Nkhani Yophunzira: Ngolo za Gofu Zopangidwira Mizinda Yaku Europe
A. Compact Urban Design
- Kumanganso kwa Narrow Street: Ku Barcelona, ​​​​Spain, kuyesa ngolo zazing'ono za gofu zotalika mamitala 1.2 zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kulowa ndikutuluka m'chigawo cha mbiri yakale, ndikuchepetsa kwambiri vuto la kuchulukana kwa magalimoto.
- Freight Version: Kampani yonyamula katundu ku Netherlands imagwiritsa ntchito ngolo yonyamula katundu yopangidwa mwapadera kuti ipereke phukusi la "mamita 500 omaliza", kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto adizilo ndi 40%, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa mpweya, komanso kukonza zopindulitsa zachilengedwe.

B. Kulembetsa Model
Kampani yobwereketsa magalimoto ku London idakhazikitsa ntchito yobwereketsa magalimoto a gofu kwa ola limodzi m'malo opanda mpweya wochepa, makamaka kwa alendo ndi apaulendo kuno, ndikupereka njira zosinthika komanso zobiriwira zamayendedwe akumatauni, zomwe zimathandiziranso kwambiri phokoso ndi kuipitsidwa kwaderalo.

4. Zoneneratu Zamtsogolo
Mabungwe ena amalosera kuti pofika chaka cha 2030, msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wapadziko lonse lapansi ukuyembekezeka kufika $500 biliyoni, ndipo ngolo za gofu zitenga 15% ya gawo lamsika m'malo ocheperako komanso madera opuma pantchito.

Mapeto
Magalimoto okwera gofu ali ndi tsogolo labwino kuposa masewera a gofu, omwe amapereka njira yabwino yoyendetsera mizinda yomwe ikukumana ndi anthu okalamba komanso zofuna zachilengedwe. Kuti izi zitheke, opanga akuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri kutsata malamulo, kupanga kwanuko, komanso kuphatikiza umisiri wanzeru.

Opanga atha kuyamba ndi ntchito zoyeserera m'malo opuma pantchito komanso malo ochezera alendo, ndikugwira ntchito ndi nsanja zapamtunda zapamtunda kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayiwu kuti apititse patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito ngolo za gofu pamayendedwe akumatauni.