Kulowetsa Magalimoto A Gofu Padziko Lonse: Zomwe Maphunziro A Gofu Ayenera Kudziwa

Ndi chitukuko chapadziko lonse lapansi chamakampani a gofu, oyang'anira maphunziro akuchulukirachulukira akuganizira zogula ngolo za gofu kuchokera kutsidya lina kuti asankhe njira zotsika mtengo zomwe zikwaniritse zosowa zawo. Makamaka pamaphunziro omwe angokhazikitsidwa kumene kapena okweza m'magawo ngati Asia, Middle East, Africa, ndi Europe, kulowetsa ngolo zamagetsi zamagetsi zakhala njira wamba.

Ndiye, ndi mfundo ziti zazikulu zomwe oyang'anira zogulira zinthu akufuna kugula kunja ngolo za gofu? Nkhaniyi ipereka chiwongolero chokwanira cha njira yonse yotengera katundu ndi zolingalira kuchokera muzochitika zothandiza, kukuthandizani kupanga chisankho mwanzeru.

1. Kufotokozera Zofunikira Kagwiritsidwe: Yambani ndi "Mtundu Wagalimoto"

Asanafunsire ndikukambirana, wogula akuyenera kufotokozera mafunso otsatirawa:

* Kukula kwa Fleet: Kodi mumagula magalimoto opitilira 20 nthawi imodzi, kapena mukuwonjezera magalimoto atsopano nthawi ndi nthawi?
* Mtundu wa Galimoto: Kodi mukuyang'ana mtundu wokhazikika wamayendedwe a gofu, mtundu wamtundu wagalimoto wamayendedwe a zida, kapena mtundu wantchito ngati ngolo?
* Drive System: Kodi mukufuna batire yamagetsi ya lithiamu-ion? Kodi mukufuna zinthu zanzeru monga CarPlay ndi GPS navigation?
* Kuchuluka kwa okwera: Kodi mukufuna mipando iwiri, inayi, kapena isanu ndi umodzi kapena kuposerapo?

Pokhapokha pofotokoza zofunikira izi ndizotheka kuti ogulitsa apereke zolunjikamalangizo a chitsanzondi malingaliro kasinthidwe.

2. Kusankha Wopereka Woyenera

Kuitanitsa ngolo za gofu ndi zochuluka kuposa kungoyerekeza mitengo. Wopanga katundu wodalirika ayenera kukhala ndi izi:

* Kudziwa zambiri zotumiza kunja: Kudziwa bwino zamayiko osiyanasiyana otengera mayiko ndi zofunikira za certification (monga CE, EEC, etc.);
* Kusintha Mwamakonda: Kutha kusintha mitundu, ma logo, ndi mawonekedwe kutengera mtunda ndi mawonekedwe amtundu;
* Ntchito yokhazikika pambuyo pogulitsa: Kodi zida zosinthira zitha kuperekedwa? Kodi chithandizo chakutali chingaperekedwe?
* Thandizo lazinthu: Kodi mutha kukonza zotumiza zam'nyanja, chilolezo cha kasitomu, komanso kubweretsa khomo ndi khomo?

Mwachitsanzo, Tara, wopanga yemwe ali ndi zaka 20 zakutsogolo pakutumiza kunjangolo za gofu, apereka magalimoto apamwamba kwambiri kumayiko oposa 80 padziko lonse lapansi, omwe amachitira masewera a gofu, malo ochitirako tchuthi, mayunivesite, malo osungiramo nyumba, ndi ntchito zina. Ili ndi ziyeneretso zambiri zotumiza kunja ndi kafukufuku wamakasitomala.

3. Kumvetsetsa malamulo oyendetsera dziko lomwe mukupita

Dziko lirilonse liri ndi zofunikira zosiyana zoitanitsangolo zamagetsi za gofu(makamaka omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu). Asanapereke oda, ogula akuyenera kutsimikizira izi ndi mabizinesi am'deralo kapena mabungwe aboma:

* Kodi chiphaso cholowa kunja ndichofunika?
* Kodi batire imafuna chilengezo chapadera?
* Kodi pali zoletsa zilizonse pamakonzedwe a chiwongolero chakumanzere kapena kumanja?
* Kodi dziko lomwe mukupita likufuna kulembetsa magalimoto ndi ziphaso?
*Kodi pali mapangano ochepetsa mitengo yamitengo omwe akugwira ntchito?

Kudziwa izi pasadakhale kungathandize kupewa zovuta zololeza katundu kapena kulipira chindapusa mukafika.

4. Mwachidule za Mayendedwe ndi Kutumiza Njira

mayendedwe apadziko lonse lapansi angolo za gofuNthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi magalimoto ophatikizidwa bwino omwe amamangidwa kapena kulumikizidwa pang'ono ndi kupakidwa pallet. Njira zazikulu zamayendedwe ndi:

* Full Container Load (FCL): Yoyenera kugula zinthu zazikulu ndipo imapereka ndalama zotsika;
* Pang'ono kuposa Container Load (LCL): Yoyenera kugula pang'ono;
* Katundu wa ndege: Mtengo wokwera, koma woyenera kuyitanitsa mwachangu kapena kutumiza kwachitsanzo;

Njira zotumizira zikuphatikizapo FOB (Free on Board), CIF (Cost, Freight and Insurance), ndi DDP (Delivery to Door with Customs Clearance). Ogula koyamba amalangizidwa kuti asankhe CIF kapena DDP. Dongosololi, lokonzedwa ndi wothandizira wodziwa bwino ntchito, lingathe kuchepetsa kulankhulana ndi ngozi.

5. Njira Zolipirira ndi Zitsimikizo

Njira zolipirira zapadziko lonse lapansi zikuphatikiza:

* Telegraphic Transfer (T / T): Yoyenera pazamalonda ambiri;
* Kalata Yopereka Ngongole (L/C): Yoyenera ndalama zazikulu ndi mgwirizano woyamba;
* PayPal: Yoyenera kugula zitsanzo kapena maoda ang'onoang'ono;

Nthawi zonse sayina mgwirizano wamalonda womwe umatanthauzira momveka bwino mtundu wazinthu, nthawi yobweretsera, miyezo yapamwamba, ndi mawu otsatsa pambuyo pake. Ogulitsa odalirika nthawi zambiri amapereka malipoti oyendera zinthu zomwe zatumizidwa kale kapena amathandizira kukonza zoyendera za gulu lachitatu.

6. Pambuyo-Kugulitsa ndi Kusamalira Thandizo

Ngakhale magalimoto apamwamba kwambiri amagetsi amatha kukumana ndi zovuta monga kuwonongeka kwa mabatire, kulephera kwa ma controller, komanso kukalamba kwa matayala. Chifukwa chake, pogula, timalimbikitsa:

* Tsimikizirani ngati wogulitsa akupereka zida zosinthira (zigawo zomwe zimavalidwa nthawi zambiri);
* Kaya imathandizira zowunikira zakutali zamakanema ndi maphunziro oyendetsa;
* Kaya ili ndi wothandizira pambuyo pogulitsa kapena malo omwe akulimbikitsidwa okonza anzawo;
* Nthawi ya chitsimikizo ndi kuphimba (ngati batire, mota, chimango, ndi zina zotere zimaphimbidwa padera);

Nthawi zonse, moyo wa ngolo ya gofu ukhoza kukhala zaka 5-8 kapena kupitilira apo. Thandizo labwino kwambiri pambuyo pa malonda limatha kukulitsa moyo wa ngolo.Tarasikuti amangopereka chitsimikizo chagalimoto chazaka 2 komanso chitsimikizo cha batri chazaka 8. Mawu ake athunthu pambuyo pa malonda ndi mautumiki amatha kuthetsa nkhawa zamakasitomala.

7. Mwachidule ndi Malangizo

Kupeza ngolo za gofuPadziko lonse lapansi ndikukweza magwiridwe antchito komanso kuyesa kudalirika kwa chain chain. Nayi chidule cha malangizo a Tara ogula:

* Tanthauzirani zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito → Pezani wogulitsa → Mvetsetsani malamulo otengera zinthu kuchokera kumayiko ena
* Kuyanjana ndi fakitale yodziwa zambiri, yolabadira, komanso yosinthika mwamakonda ndikofunikira pakugula zinthu bwino.

Ngati mukufuna kuitanitsa ngolo za gofu kuchokera ku China, chonde pitani kuTsamba lovomerezeka la Tarakwa mabulosha azinthu ndi chithandizo cham'modzi-mmodzi chothandizira kutumiza kunja. Tikupatsirani njira zamagalimoto zamaluso komanso zogwira mtima mogwirizana ndi zosowa za maphunziro anu.